六、同义转换法

为使文章生动，作者对于文章中出现的相同意思，往往会用不同的方式来表达。做题时，同学们若能认识到这一点，并充分利用自己已掌握的语言知识，结合文章的上下文，进行适当的同义转换，那么问题往往会变得很容易。如：

● As it turned out, my little publication went on to become Student, a national magazine for young people in the U.K. My wife and I have two children, and I’d like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad ______ me. (山东卷)

A. controlled             B. comforted            C. reminded          D. raised

【解析】句中的 in the same way 告诉我们，空格处所填动词应与前面的动词 bring up(培养，养育)同义，比较四个选项，答案显然是 D。

七、结构对比法

在做完形填空题时，有时会遇到两个结构十分相似的句子，此时同学们应认真比较其结构特点，或根据其相似性推断空格处所填之词，或根据文章的上下文语境判断两个(或几个)相似结构之间的逻辑关系。如：

● I realized strength and courage aren’t always measured in medals and victories, but in the struggles we overcome(战胜). The strongest people are not always the people who win, ______ the people who don’t give up when they lose. (天津卷)

A. or                     B. nor                  C. and                   D. but

【解析】句中的 the people who win 与 the people who don’t give up when they lose 是两个表达十分相似的结构，比较其中的win和lose可知，前后两个结构属对比关系，估计应填but，再结构句中的not，并联想 not…but…句式，可以推知，此题最佳答案应选 D。

● The correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the ______ than from the below. (辽宁卷)

A. clouds               B. sky                  C. air                    D. above

【解析】more from…than from… 是一个明显用于对比的结构，根据后面的the below可知，前面应是 the above，即答案应选 D。

八、重复暗示法

有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。如：

● Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the ______ have made up their minds to ring the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest (抗议) against heavy trucks which run day and night through the narrow High Street. (全国卷)

A. college                B. village                 C. town                 D. church

【解析】此题答案选 D。但若单就本句或本段来看，此题无法作出正确选择，只有读到文章末尾处的 I mean we are assistant bell ringers for the church 这一句时，我们才可根据其中的 church 一词作出判断。

● But then again, would there be a chair in Room 316? Or would it be a(n) ______ room?

A. small                    B. empty               C. new                  D. neat

【解析】此题答案选 B。但单从本句来看，四个选项似乎均可以填，要想选出其中的最佳答案，考生应注意到文章后半部分的 But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all! It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and seven paintings on the walls. 这一句。

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