afterwards[5B:ftEwEdz] adv.后来，然后：Let’s eat first and go to the theater afterwards. 咱们先去吃饭，然后再去看戏。

again[E5^en] adv.1.再一次；再，又：If you fail, try again. 如果你失败了，再试一次。2.此外，另一方面：She might go, and again she might not. 她可能去，也可能不去。 ◆now and again有时，时而 / again and again 反复地，再三地 / then (there) again 但是，然而

against[E5^enst] prep.1. 相反；逆着：against the wind 逆风 / That’s against the law. 那是违法的。2.反对：He declared himself dead against the proposal. 他声明他断然反对那项提议。3. 靠着，倚着：The old woman is leaning against the wall. 那个老妇人正倚着墙。4.与…成对照：dark colors against a fair skin 深色衬托出白皙的肌肤5. 防备；防御：food stored against winter为过冬贮备的食物◆against the law (rules) 违反法律(规则) / against your will 违背自己的意愿，被强迫 / against sb’s wishes (advice) 不理会某人的意愿(建议)

【提醒】是介词，不是动词，不要受汉语思维影响而将其误用作动词。

age[eIdV] n.1.[C,U]年龄；年纪：Children of all ages will enjoy this film. 不管多大年纪的孩子都会喜欢这部电影。2. [U]人生的阶段：middle age 中年 / full age 成年3. [U]年老：His face was wrinkled with age. 他的脸因苍老而起皱。4. [C]时代，年代：the computer age 电脑时代 / the Middle Ages 中世纪5. [C](常用复数)长时间：I haven’t seen him for ages. 我有很长时间没有看见他了。◆at the age of 在…岁的时候 / age group 同是某一年龄的人，年龄组 / under age 未到法定年龄 / come of age 成年

aggression[5E^reF(E)n] n.[C,U]侵略，挑衅：an act of open aggression 公然的侵略行动

aggressive[5E^resIv] adj.1.侵略的；好斗的：Some people get aggressive after drinking alcohol. 有些人喝了酒后会变得咄咄逼人。2.有进取心的：an aggressive young executive一个进取心很强的年轻管理人员

ago[E5^EJ] adv.以前：It was seven years ago that she went abroad. 她七年前出国了。

【辨析】ago 与 before：1. 两者均可表示在多久时间“以前”(要放在表示一段时间的词语之后)，但 ago表示从现在向前回溯，即现在的过去，因此通常与一般过去时连用；而 before 则表示从过去向前回溯，即指过去的过去，因此通常与过去完成时连用(尤其用于宾语从句中)：I bought the computer five years ago. 我是五年前买这台电脑的。/ He said they had left seven days before. 他说他们 7 天前就离开了。2. before 有时单独使用(即不连用具体时间)，泛指“以前”，此时可用于一般过去时，也可用于现在完成时：I have been to Beijing before. 我以前去过北京。

agree[E5^ri:] v.1.同意；应允：I asked for a pay rise, and she agreed. 我请求加薪，她同意了。2.赞同：I don’t agree with experiments on animals. 我不赞成用动物做实验。3. 一致，相符：Shanghai does not agree with me; I like Beijing better. 上海对我不适宜，我更喜欢北京。

agreement[E5^ri:mEnt] n.1. [U]同意，一致：She nodded her head in agreement. 她点头同意。/ The two things are in agreement. 这两件事是一致的。2.协议，合约：The agreement was written and signed. 协议已写好，也签了字。

agricultural[A^rI5kQltFEr(E)l] adj.农业的：agricultural products农作物，农产品 / agricultural development 农业的发展

agriculture[5A^rI7kQltFE(r)] n. [U]农业，农学：He is engaged in agriculture. 他从事农业。

ahead[E5hed] adv.& adj.1.在前面，向前：Full speed ahead! 全速前进! 2.预先，事先：We must think ahead and make a plan. 我们要为未来着想，定一个计划。3.领先，占优势：She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她在班上总是遥遥领先。◆ahead of 在…之前；超过 / get ahead 胜过，超过 / streets ahead (of sb / sth) 远胜过(某人、某物)

aid[eId] n.1. [U]援助；救护：legal aid 法律援助 / She came quickly to his aid. 她急忙来帮助他。2.[C]辅助器具；有帮助的事物：teaching aids 教具 / a hearing aid 助听器vt. 帮助，援助：I aided him in his enterprise. 我帮助他做这一事业。◆in aid of sb (sth) 为某人或某事筹款

AIDS，Aids[eIdz] n. [U](医学用语)艾滋病：AIDS is a fatal disease. 艾滋病是绝症。

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