《实用高中英语短语与句型词典》

about

1. be about sth 忙于做某事，在干某事。如：

What are you about? 你在干(忙)什么?

He knew what he was about. 他知道自己在干什么。

2. be about to do sth

(1) 即将，马上(不与具体时间状语连用)。如：

Sit down, everyone. The film is about to start. 大家坐好，电影马上就要开发始了。

He was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 他正要上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了起来。

(2) 打算，有意(主要见于美国英语中，且主要用于否定句)。如：

I’m not about to lend him any more money. 我不打算再借给他任何钱。

I’m not about to stop when I’m so close to success. 现在我已接近要成功了，我不打算放弃。(from www.nmet168.com)

3. How [What] about (doing) sth?

(1) 用于征求意见，意为：你认为(做)某事怎么样? 如：

How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样?

What about a game of table tennis? 打场乒乓球怎么样?

(2) 询问情况或打听消息，意为：(做)某事怎么样? 如：

What about that matter the other day? 早几天的那件事怎么样了?

(3) 表示讽刺或挖苦，意为：你做某事又作何解释? 你做某事又怎么说? 如：

A：I have never had an accident while driving. 我开车从未出过事。

B：How about that time you ran into a lamppost? 那次你撞到路灯上又怎么解释呢?

注：有时用于人。如：

I’m ready. What about you? 我已准备好了，你呢?

How about Mother? Is she all right? 妈妈怎么样? 她好吗?

above

1. above all 首先，最重要的是。如：

Above all, he was not honest. 最重要的是他不诚实。

But above all tell me quickly what I have to do now. 但现在首先要告诉我要去做什么。

2. be above one (one’s head) 太高深，无法理解。如：

The book is above the boy. 这个孩子读不懂这本书。

The lecture was above the heads of most students. 这个讲座大部分学生理解不了。

3. get above oneself 自高自大，自命不凡。如：

Don’t get above yourself. 不要自以为了不起。

Now he is getting far above himself. 他现在有变得狂妄了。

absence

1. in (during) one’s absence / in (during) the absence of

(1) 当某人不在时。如：

Please look after my house in (during) my absence. 我不在的时候，请照看一下我的房子。

In the absence of the manager, I shall be in charge. 经理不在时，由我负责。

(2) (由于)缺乏某物，在缺乏某物的情况下。如：

Plants cannot exist in the absence of oxygen, nor can animals. 植物在无氧情况下不能生存，动物也是一样。

He was forced to accept it as true in the absence of other evidence. 由于没有别的证据，他只好认为那是真实的。

2. absence of mind 心不在焉。如：

Absence of mind may have bad results. 心不在焉可能会导致糟糕的结果。

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