“介词+关系代词”考点例析

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，若关系代词紧靠在介词后，先行词是人时，用whom，先行词是物时，用which，不用who或that，关系代词whom和which不能省略。至于用什么介词，一般可由定语从句的谓语与先行词之间需要加是什么介词来搭配才讲得通来确定。如：

◆Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ________ we would have lost our way. (安徽卷)

A. it                                                     B. that

C. this                                                  D. which

【分析】答案选D。先行词是物，紧跟在介词后的关系代词，只能用which。

◆The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. (全国卷)

A. for which                                         B. at which

C. in which                                           D. on which

【分析】答案选C。关系代词都是which，关键是确定用哪个介词。在定语从句谓语动词acted与先行词the English play之间，显然要加上in才讲得通。(from www.nmet168.com)

◆American women usually identify their best friend as someone ________ they can talk frequently. (上海卷)

A. who                                                 B. as

C. about which                                      D. with whom

【分析】答案选D。在定语从句的谓语动词talk与先行词someone之间，需要加上to或with，才讲得通，即：talk with / to sb. (和某人交谈)。

◆In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p. m. , ________ many people have got home. (上海卷)

A. whose time                                      B. that

C. on which                                         D. by which

【分析】答案选D。先行词5:30 p. m. 是钟点，钟点前不用介词on；用by表示“那到时为止”。句意为：在办公室里，我似乎总是到下午5:30才有空，到那个时候，许多人都已回到家了。

◆The gentleman ________ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. (上海春)

A. who                                                B. about whom

C. whom                                              D. with whom

【分析】答案选B。在定语从句的谓语told me与先行词the gentleman之间，要加上about才讲得通。句意是：你昨天对我谈起的那个绅士原来是个贼。

◆In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help. (全国卷)

A. that                                                  B. who

C. from whom                                      D. to whom

【分析】答案选D。turn to sb. for help向某人寻求帮助。

【特别说明】

①介词可放在定语从句后面，这时，可用关系代词who或者that，在限制性定语从句中还可省略关系代词。请比较：

She is the woman (whom / who / that) I gave the money to.

=She is the woman to whom I gave the money.

她这是我给钱的那个妇女。

②“whose+名词”可作介词的宾语。如：

He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.

=He is the man whose house the pictures were stolen from.

他就是那个家里藏画被盗的人。