(C)

Global warming threatens to hold back human progress, and make unachievable all UN targets to reduce poverty, according to some of the world’s leading international and development groups.

In a report published today, Oxfam, Greenpeace, Christian Aid, Friends of the Earth, WWF and 15 other groups say rich governments must immediately address climate change to avoid even “unbearable levels” of worldwide poverty.

“Food production, water supplies, public health and people’s living environment are already being damaged,” the report says. “The world must meet its promise to achieve poverty reduction and also deal with climate change.”

The report, which draws on UN predictions of the effects of climate change in poor countries over the next 50 years, says poor countries will experience more flooding, declining food production, more disease and the worsening or disappearing of entire ecosystems(生态系统)on which many of the world’s poorest people depend.

“Climate change needs to be addressed now. The poor will bear the burden of it. The frontline experience of many of us working in international development indicates that communities are having to fight against more extreme weather conditions.”

Climate change will play havoc(浩劫)with agriculture and water supplies and will increase diseases. “By 2025 the proportion of the world’s population living in countries of great water stress will almost double, to 6 billion people. Tropical and sub-tropical areas will be hardest hit — those countries already suffering from food shortage”.

Poor countries mostly do not need high-tech solutions, but would most benefit from education, research and being shown how to farm better. The report says unchecked global warming, more than wars or political confusion, will displace millions of people and destabilize (不安定) many countries.

64. ________ should play a leading role in resisting the more extreme weather conditions according to the report.

A. International groups           B. Poor countries      

C. Rich countries                   D. Tropical and sub-tropical countries

65. Which of the following is not the effect of global warming according to the report?

A. More natural disasters and starvation.

B. Increasing the world’s population.

C. Making millions of people move to other places.

D. Shaking the foundation of a country.

66. Which of the following is not true according to the text?

A. Poverty and climate change are closely linked.

B. More and more people will suffer from the water stress and food shortage.

C. What the poor countries need badly is high technology.

D. International communities have to take steps to resist the bad climate.

67. What is the best title of the passage?

A. International Development Brings in Climate Change

B. Global Warming Is a Bigger Threat to Poor

C. International Groups Work Together to Reduce Poverty

D. Worldwide Poverty Shall Be Avoided

(D)

The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness.

As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public place, some of the country’s most talented artists have been called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms.

These recent initiatives owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester Hospital in Northeastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience.

A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 5,000 visitors each week. What a better place to hold regular exhibitions of art and paintings, in the outpatients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britain’s first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduations.

The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms, the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyard.

The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expense when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong painkillers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.

68. What does the author mean by using the phrase “to soften the hard edge of modern buildings”, in the second paragraph?

A. To hold exhibitions of art and paintings in hospitals.

B. To tear down the old hospital and build a new one.

C. To decorate hospitals with art collection.

D. To paint the walls of hospitals in soft colors.

69. What is true about Peter Senior?

A. A famous doctor in Manchester Hospital and a talented artist.

B. Britain’s first hospital artist and a patient in Manchester Royal Hospital.

C. One of the six young art school graduations.

D. A talented artist and a pioneer introducing art into hospitals.

70. What can we conclude from the fact that six young art school graduates joined Peter?

A. Artists should take an active part in social activities.

B. The role of hospital environment is being recognized.

C. Artists are more important to patients in hospitals.

D. Hospitals need more young art school graduates to attend the patients.

71. What does the last paragraph suggest?

A. The improvement of hospital environment may help the patients recover from illness.

B. The improvement of hospital environment may cost the patients more than before.

C. The patients needed no painkillers when they had a view of a painting.

D. The patients had no pain at all after the improvement of hospital environment.

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