如何写好英语段落

1. 明确中心

一篇文章必须具有明确的主题(topic)，而作为文章的一个段落，则必须是该主题的某个要点或侧面，即有明确的段落中心。

为帮助同学们学习和使用这一方法，使段落主题明确，中心突出，下面分别举例介绍主题句、发展句和结论句。

A. 主题句

主题句(topic sentence)是将主题作概括性的陈述，而不提供具体的细节。主题句一般位于句首，开门见山提出主题，随后辅以细节或举例加以说明或论证。请看一个段落：

Smoking is harmful to your health. Experiments show that smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious disease cancer, smoking can also cause other health problems. For example, it gives one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or the terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?

该段落很有特色，从Smoking is harmful to your health，可看出全段所表达的中心——吸烟有害健康，这就是主题句。然后通过几个句子——发展句，来说明吸烟的危害，倒数第二句话又说…smoking is harmful.这就使得前后连贯、照应。最后用非常有力的Is it worth it? 结尾，更是发人深思。

主题句在句首是常见的，但有时也可出现在段中或出现在段落的末尾。请看下面这个段落：

People in the western world do not eat such healthy foods. They eat too much fat and sugar and don’t take enough exercise. Because of this, they put on weight very easily. Their diet contains a lot of fat in the form of potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream and chocolate. They eat a lot of sugar in the form of cakes, soft drinks, sweets and so on. The result is that many of them become fat. And some have bad teeth. In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, by the age of thirty, has no teeth left!

该段落的主题句出现在段中。其中的第一、二句话不是主题句，而是展示两个原因(过渡)，第三句Because of this, they put on weight very easily提出主题。最后，用几个句子(扩展句)说明所摄取的糖、脂肪的来源及其后果。

值得一提的是，并非所有的段落都有主题句。有的段落就没有主题句，不过其所有的句子都有一个共同的指向，都是围绕一个中心来写，也就说所有的句子都为一个中心服务。

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