谈谈“be said+不定式”结构的用法

一、考点概说

“be said+不定式”是英语中一个很有用的结构，在近几年的高考英语中也很活跃。请看几道近几年的高考真题（答案分别为BDA）：

1. Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) ______ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. (2007重庆卷)

A. is said to be buying      B. is said to have bought

C. had said to buy            D. has said to have bought

2. AIDS is said _______ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. (2006湖北卷)

A. that it is                     B. to be

C. that it has been           D. to have been

3.— Is Bob still performing?

— I’m afraid not. He is said _______ the stage already as he has become an official. (2005江苏卷)

A. to have left                 B. to leave

C. to have been left          D. to be left

二、考点归纳

同学们知道以上三道题的答案为什么分别选BDA吗？如果不知道，请看看下面为你归纳的“be said+不定式”结构的用法和搭配。

结构一  “be said+不定式一般式”

该结构主要有两个用法：

1. 表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或即将要发生。如：

They are said to leave soon. 据说他们很快就要离开。

He is said to moved to the South this winter. 据说他今年冬天要搬到南方去。

2. 有时不表示将来，而表示一般情况（尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作时）。如：

This friend of hers is said to be very rich. 她的这个朋友据说很有钱。

His company is said to be in trouble. 据说他的公司遇到了困难(from www.nmet168.com)。

People who cannot distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind. 不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲。

Women are often said to be more emotional than men. 女人常常被说成是比男人易于动感情。

结构二  “be said+不定式进行式”

该搭配表示不定式所表示的动作正在进行。如：

He is said to be doing fine at school. 据说他在学校表现很好。

The children are said to be playing by the river. 据说孩子们在河边玩。

结构三  “be said+不定式完成式”

该搭配表示不定式所表示的动作已经完成。如：

They are said to have teft London. 据说他们已经离开伦敦。

He is said to have written another TV play. 据说他又写了一部电视剧。

Mr. Brown is said to have died of liver cancer. 据说布朗先生死于肝癌。

结构四  “be said+不定式完成进行式”

该搭配强调不定式所表示的动作迄今为止已经持续了一段时间。如：

The family was said to have lived there for 30 years. 据说这一家人在那儿住了30年。

The battle was said to have been going on for two days. 据说战斗已经进行两天了。

结构五  “be said+不定式一般式的被动式”

该搭配表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或即将要发生，同时它还表示被动意义。如：

The case against Mr. White is said to be heard tomorrow. 据说怀特先生被起诉一案定于明天开庭。

有时也可以不表示将来，而表示一般情况。如：

The old castle is said to be haunted. 这座古堡据说有鬼魂出没。

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