做非谓语动词题的实用技巧

技巧一 用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式

1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ______ for a space flight. (2007江西卷)

A. training             B. being trained       C. to have trained     D. to be trained

【解析】答案选D。由于被训练进行航空飞行是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A和B。另外，由于“他”与“训练”之间为被动关系，故选D。

2. ______ this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006广东卷)

A. Having made       B. Make               C. To make              D. Making

【解析】答案选C。由于是表示目的，故要用不定式，句意为：为了要做这块蛋糕，你需要2只鸡蛋、175克糖和175克面粉。

技巧二  用于名词后作定语时，使用非谓语动词的原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生；用现在分词，表示动作正在进行；用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义

1. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games _______ in Beijing in 2008. (2006四川卷)

A. hold                 B. holding           C. held                 D. to be held

【解析】答案选D。由于2008年奥运会尚未举行，故要用不定式。

2. There are hundreds of visitors ______ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings. (2006上海卷)

A. waited              B. to wait             C. waiting            D. wait

【解析】答案选C。由于表示“正在等”，故用现在分词作定语。

3. “Things ______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. (2007湖南卷)

A. lost                  B. losing             C. to lost               D. have lost

【解析】答案选A。因things与动词lose之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。

注：受the first, the second…the last修饰的名词或代词后原则上要用不定式作定语。如：

—The last one ______ pays the meal.

—Agreed! (2007全国I)(from www.nmet168.com)

A. arrived                B. arrives              C. to arrive          D. arriving

【解析】答案选C。因为在the first, the second, the third, …, the last等结构后习惯上要接不定式作定语，又如：I’d be the first to admit I might be wrong. 我愿第一个承认我可能错了。You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二个犯这错误的人。

技巧三  用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词

1. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______, and asked myself what I was going to do. (2007湖南卷)

A. moved              B. moving               C. to move              D. being moved

【解析】答案选B。由于与句子主语I之间为主动关系，且表示当时持续了一会儿，故用现在分词。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动，心想自己该怎么办。

2. Peter received a letter just now ______ his grandma would come to see him soon. (2007四川卷)

A. said                  B. says                     C. saying                 D. to say

【解析】答案选C。此处用现在分词表伴随，又如：A card came yesterday saying Sue will arrive tomorrow. 昨天收到的明信片上说，休明天到。Alan received a telegram saying his father was ill. 埃伦收到一封电报，说是他父亲生病了。

3. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. (2006江苏卷)

A. saying               B. said                    C. to say                   D. having said

【解析】答案选A。现在分词saying在此表示伴随。

4. We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ______ that all children like these things. (2006全国III)

A. thinking               B. think                 C. to think                D. thought

【解析】答案选A。现在分词thinking在此表示伴随(from www.nmet168.com)。

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