三、现在完成时的命题特点

1. 根据特定语境和时态标志考查现在完成时的影响性用法

(1)— ______ you ______ him around the museum yet?

— Yes. We had a great time there. (江苏卷)

A. Have; shown         B. Do; show            C. Had; shown            D. Did; show

【解析】A。根据问句中的yet可知，所谈论的事情发生在最近的过去，且问话者很关心这个过去发生的事情对现在的影响和结果，所以用现在完成时。注意：不要受答语中过去式谓语had的影响而误选C。

(2)Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ______ yet. (浙江卷)

A. hasn’t been decided   B. haven’t decided   C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided

【解析】A。根据句意，此处应用被动语态，不用主动语态；再根据句末的yet可知，最好用现在完成时。故选A最佳。

2. 根据特定语境考查现在完成时的持续性用法

(1)Danny ______ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. (福建卷)

A. works                     B. is working           C. has worked          D. worked

【解析】C。表示从过去一直持续到现在的一段时间，要用现在完成时。

(2)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (湖南卷)

A. studies                    B. studied                C. is studying           D. has been studying

【解析】D。根据句中的现在进行时可排除B，再根据句中的for a year可知此题选现在完成进行时最佳，即选D。

注：有时高考还会考查现在完成进行时的用法。如：

(3)—I have got a headache.

—No wonder. You ______ in front of that computer too long. (江西卷)

A. work                     B. are working          C. have been working  D. worked

【解析】C。由于在电脑前工作太久，所以导致了现在头痛的结果，故空格处应填现在完成时或现在完成进行时，即答案选C。

四、过去完成时的命题特点

高考英语对过去完成时的考查百分之百是根据“过去的过去”这一语境来设题的。请看：

(1)They became friends again that day. Until then, they ______ to each other for nearly two years. (安徽卷)

A. didn’t speak          B. hadn’t spoken       C. haven’t spoken     D. haven’t been speaking

【解析】B。由于他们再次成为朋友发生在过去(因为became用的是一般过去时)，这就说明他们差不多有两年没说过话属于“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时。

(2)I ______ there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist. (陕西卷)

A. would be               B. have been             C. had been               D. will be

【解析】C。由于set to work with the scientist这一动作发生在过去，而be there与set to work的先后关系是：be there在先，set to work在后。所以be there发生的时间属于“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时(from www.nmet168.com)。

(3)—Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?

—Yes, he did. He ______ his old friends for a long time. (重庆卷)

A. didn’t see               B. wouldn’t see          C. hasn’t seen          D. hadn’t seen

【解析】D。由于见朋友发生在过去(即昨天)，而很久没有见到朋友自然是昨天的见面之前，即属于过去的过去，故用过去完成时。

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