英语议论文的写作技巧

一、文体特点

议论文是以议论说理为主要表达方式对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明作者的观点、立场、态度、看法、主张的文体。通常要具备论点、论据和论证三个要素。

论点的基本要求是：观点正确，见解新鲜；概括全面，有实际意义；要恰当地综合运用各种论证方法。论据的基本要求是：真实可靠，充分典型。论证的基本要求是：推理必须合乎逻辑，论证要讲究顺序，要符合正确的推理形式。

二、写作技巧

议论文的写作是一个创造性的完整过程。它大体上可以分为摄取、构思、表达和修改四个阶段。构思是把客体材料转变为作者主观认识的转化阶段，表达是通过遣词造句将作者的思想“物化为文章”的实施阶段，修改是最后完善提高文章的过程。在对这四个阶段的具体运作过程中，一定要进行恰当地分析，提高自觉性。在具体的写作过程中，要注意以下几点：

1. 把握三个要素，即论点、论据和论证。论点要新，要有鲜明的时代特征，能体现时代脉搏。认识问题和分析问题时，应当褒扬新思想，针砭时弊，体现时代的精神风貌。同时要把握事物的本质特征，揭示事物的发展规律，给人以厚重感。论据要为论点服务，注重摆事实，讲道理。在写作时要充分利用事实论据和道理论据，灵活采用多种论证方法，如例证法、引证法、对比论证法、比喻论证法等让文章更具说服力与雄辩性，让读者心服口服。

2. 把握三性，即准确性、鲜明性和主动性。在写作时要善于提出问题，主动地运用准确的论据和恰当的论证方法来分析问题，水到渠成地引出自己鲜明的观点。

3. 语言运用时务必准确、言简意赅，行文时要注重条理性和层次性。

三、佳作欣赏

Keep Water Clean

It is known to all of us that there is not enough water on the earth. In some parts of the world, such as in Africa, people even have not enough water to drink. They are living a hard life because of lack of water. At the same time, water is being polluted in some other countries. Many rivers, lakes and seas have been polluted by waste poured by factories. Fishes in the polluted waters are not safe to eat any longer. and some people died of diseases caused by the dirty water.

It is very important to protect water. Waste water should be cleaned before pouring into rivers and lakes. Laws should be made to prevent factories from polluting water.

We hope that everyone will protect water and keep water clean because we only have one earth.

【评析】本文紧扣题目，先写水资源的短缺，再写有限水源的污染及其导致的结果，层层深入，结尾处自然地得出结论：我们要珍惜水资源。