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人教必修1·第1单元·词汇表(附详解·中) | |||
文章作者:陈根花 文章来源:高考英语网 点击数: 更新时间:2010-09-06 |
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■on purpose 故意 【典型例句】 I came here on purpose to see you. 我特地来这里看你。 She broke the dish on purpose just to show her anger. 她故意打破碟子以表示她的愤怒。 It is impossible that he forget our meeting; he must have stayed away on purpose. 他不可能忘记我们的会议,他准是故意不来。 【易错提醒】 要表示“无意地”“偶然地”,英语用by chance, by accident等,但是表示“有意地”“故意地”,不能类似地用by purpose,而用on purpose。如: 他做这事是偶然的, 还是故意的? 误:Did he do it by accident or by purpose? 正:Did he do it by accident or on purpose? ■in order to 为了…… 【典型例句】 People must breathe oxygen in order to live. 人活着必须呼吸氧气。 Most people have to work in order to live. 大多数人均须工作以维持生活。 She kept silent about that in order to save face. 为了保全面子,她对那事只字未提。 We study grammar in order to write good sentences. 我们学习语法是为了写出正确的句子。 He moved to a smaller apartment in order to save money. 为了省钱,他搬到了一个小些的公寓。 【用法补充】 (1) in order to的否定式是in order not to,而不是not in order to, in order to not等。如: He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife. 他轻轻进来,以免把他妻子吵醒。 请看下面的正误句子: 他们一定戴上了手套,以防留下指纹。 误:They must have worn gloves in order to not leave any fingerprints. 误:They must have worn gloves not in order to leave any fingerprints. 正:They must have worn gloves in order not to leave any fingerprints. (2) in order to和in order that均可表示目的,但前者后接动词原形,而后者则要后接句子。比较以下同义表达: We used the computer in order to save time. =We used the computer in order that we might save time. 我们使用计算机是为了节约时间。 He’s working hard in order to pass the examination. =He’s working hard in order that he can pass the examination. 他努力学习,是为了能通过考试。 ■dare [dZE] vt.& v. aux. 敢;胆敢 【典型例句】 Dare you say that to the boss? 你敢向上司说这种话吗? She daren’t speak up in class. 她不敢在班上大声说话。 We must dare to think, speak and act. 我们必须敢想,敢说,敢做。 【用法详解】 (1) 用作情态动词,主要用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中。如: They dare not tell the truth. 他们不敢说真话。 How dare you ask me such a question? 你怎么敢问我这样的问题? If you dare speak to me like that again, you will be sorry. 你敢再这样对我说,你会后悔的。 注意,I dare say 是习惯说法,并不一定要译为“我敢说”。它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气,常译为“很可能”“大概”“我想”等。有时用作反语。如: I dare say (that) you are right. 我想你是对的。 Oh, you mean to win? I dare say you will. 啊,你想打赢?我且看你赢吧。 (2) 用作实义动词,意为“敢于”,可以有各种词形变化,其后多接带 to 的不定式(有时 to 也可省去),可用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句以及各种从句。如: He didn’t dare (to) go. 他不敢去。 I wonder how he dares (to) say such things. 我纳闷他怎么竟敢说出这样的话来。 The boy stood before the teacher, not daring to look up. 这个小男孩站在老师面前不敢抬头。 另外,有时还用作及物动词,表示“激”“向……挑战”,通常用于dare sb to do sth。如: I dare you to tell your mother. 我谅你也不敢告诉你母亲。 He dared me to jump from the bridge to the river. 他挑唆我,要我从桥上跳下河。 |
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