高考英语典型易错陷阱题详解

请看这道题：

_________ with the right knowledge can give first aid.

A. Who                    B. Whoever             C. Anyone               D. Who ever

【分析】此题容易误选B，主要受以下这类句子的影响而形成思维定势：

Whoever says that is lying. 谁那样说，谁就是在说谎。

Whoever breaks this law deserves a fine. 违反本法者应予以罚款。

Whoever comes first can get a ticket free. 谁先来谁就可以免费得到一张票。

以上各例中的 whoever 引导的均为主语从句，它们均可换成 anyone who，但不能换成 anyone。上面的试题从表面上看，与以上各例很相似，其实有本质的不同，即 _________ with the right knowledge 中没有谓语动词，所以我们不能选 whoever。此题的正确答案为C，anyone 为句子主语，with the right knowledge 为修饰 anyone 的定语。请做以下试题：

(1) _________ with a good education can apply for the job.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

(2) _________ has a good education can apply for the job.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

(3) _________ having a good education can apply for the job.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

(4) _________ seen smoking here will be fined.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

(5) _________ is seen smoking here will be fined.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

(6) _________ smoking here will be fined.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

(7) _________ smokes here will be fined.

A. Who                    B. Whoever               C. Anyone                D. Who ever

第(1)题选C，介词短语with a good education 为修饰 anyone 的定语；

第(2)题选B，whoever has a good education 为主语从句；

第(3)题选C，现在分词短语having a good education 为修饰 anyone 的定语；

第(4)题选C，过去分词短语seen smoking here 为修饰 anyone 的定语(可视为 anyone who is seen smoking here 之省略)；

第(5)题选B，whoever is seen smoking here 为主语从句；

第(6)题选C，现在分词短语smoking here 为修饰anyone 的定语；

第(7)题B，whoever smokes here 为主语从句。